En cours
Cannabis - la Criminalisation de la Marijuana aux Etats-Unis
Mexique, 1519. Pendant les conquêtes espagnoles, Cortés, engagé dans une violente campagne coloniale, introduit la culture du chanvre. En secret, des autochtones commencent à cultiver la plante dans le but de la consommer. Par le truchement de la main-d'oeuvre immigrante, cette dernière gagne les États-Unis et fait des adeptes parmi les ouvriers noirs. Rapidement, les législateurs américains s'attaquent au cannabis, perçu comme le vice des « races inférieures ». On assiste alors au déploiement d'une propagande visant à susciter un climat de panique à propos d'une plante utilisée sans problème depuis des millénaires. Le cannabis est rangé parmi les substances du tableau I, où figurent des drogues comme l'héroïne. On ouvre ainsi la porte à la « guerre contre les drogues », qui cible les jeunes Noirs en nombre disproportionné et entraîne des centaines de milliers d'incarcérations, souvent pour des infractions mineures. Fondée sur l'idée de la « folie induite par le pot » et des études trompeuses sur les effets du cannabis, la relation complexe des États-Unis avec la drogue, où s'observe une forte dimension raciale, se poursuit encore aujourd'hui.
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